FORC · Lecture 1

Feedback, state, and control objectives

Simeon Nedelchev

Full notes, practice, and references

Feedback loop

The plant evolves under the applied input.

The controller uses observations to choose the next input.

An estimator can supply quantities that sensors do not measure directly.

Robot state

x=(q,v,a),y=g(x)x=(q,v,a),\qquad y=g(x)

MuJoCo: qpos, qvel, act.

The first labs assume full-state observation.

Regulation and tracking

f(x⋆,u⋆)=0f(x^\star,u^\star)=0

A hover equilibrium requires nonzero thrust.

A tracking reference must respect the dynamics.

Disturbed mass

mp¨=−kp(p−p⋆)−kdp˙+dm\ddot p=-k_p(p-p^\star)-k_d\dot p+d

At rest, the position offset is d/kpd/k_p.

For d=1d=1 N and kp=20k_p=20 N/m: 5 cm.

Evaluation

RMS and peak error, force limits, failures.

Same initial states and disturbance schedule for every controller.

Discussion

A policy has low mean error and frequent saturation.

What would you test next?

Further reading: CMU optimal control Tedrake, Underactuated Robotics

Reading

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