Robotic Systems · Lecture 14

Sensors, actuators, MJX, and reproducible projects

Simeon Nedelchev

Full notes, practice, and references

Simulation interfaces

Actuator command, activation state, and generalized force differ.

Sensors need declared units, frames, and timing.

MJX execution

A model and data enter a functional step.

JAX transformations can compile and batch supported computations.

Batch semantics

Each batch entry is an independent environment.

Interacting robots require a shared physical scene.

Timing

The first call includes compilation.

Synchronization completes device work before the timer stops.

Observation audit

Exact simulator velocity differs from noisy finite-difference velocity.

The estimator belongs in the experiment.

Project conclusion

Separate model error, discretization error, and implementation error.

Reference: MuJoCo MJX

Reading

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